When Malta became an Independent State on 21 st September 1964, the Independence Constitution established who would be entitled to an automatic claim to Maltese citizenship by either birth or descent and who may register as a citizen of Malta. The relative provisions of the Constitution regarding citizenship legislation were further complemented in 1965 with the enactment of the Maltese Citizenship Act (Cap 188). Later, in the year 2000, the provisions concerning the abovementioned citizenship matters were removed from the Constitution and included in the Maltese Citizenship Act (Cap 188).
Persons who were:
*Maltese Citizenship shall not be transmitted to the child of a person who had acquired Maltese Citizenship by registration on the basis of descent.
*Maltese citizenship shall not be transmitted to the child of a person who had acquired Maltese Citizenship by registration on the basis of descent.
Until 31 st July 1989, this was not possible and important changes to the said legislation were later made in 2000. Dual or multiple citizenship has now become the rule rather than the exception.
As of 10 th February 2000, a citizen of Malta could acquire and retain a foreign citizenship/s along with his/her Maltese Citizenship.
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
When Malta became an Independent State, the Independence Constitution established who could register as a citizen of Malta under the provisions of the same Constitution. Following amendments to Maltese Citizenship legislation in 2000, the provisions concerning the registration of persons as citizens of Malta were removed from the Constitution and included in the Maltese Citizenship Act (Cap 188).
On 1 st August 2007, there were further amendments to the said Act which made it possible for second as well as subsequent Maltese generations born abroad to acquire Maltese Citizenship by registration.
A person who is the:
If the son/daughter was born after 21 st September 1964, the Agency may also require documentary evidence showing that the mother was a citizen of Malta at the time of his/her birth.
The person who has authority over a minor child (who is a descendant in the direct line of an ascendant born in Malta of a parent likewise born in Malta), will be required to submit the necessary documents in respect of that child together with the documentation authorising him/her to submit such application.
When applying through one of Malta’s Missions abroad, the administering of the necessary oaths has to be made either before an Official from the Mission who is duly authorised to act as Commissioner for Oaths or before a person who, according to the law of the country concerned, is empowered to administer oaths.
The application will be processed by the Agency and successful applicants will be registered as a citizen of Malta. Successful applicants will be considered citizens of Malta from the date on their certificate of registration. They will then be asked to call at the Agency to collect their certificate.
If the applicant was born abroad, the Agency will address a letter to the Director of Public Registry so that his/her birth certificate may be registered at the Public Registry Office. Applicants must present this letter to the Public Registry along with their original birth certificate, (and an official translation in English or Maltese, if applicable).
Applicants who do not reside in Malta are advised to contact one of Malta’s Embassies or High Commissions for further information with regard to the procedures that they need to follow when submitting an application for registration. The contact details of Malta’s Diplomatic Representations Oversees can be accessed from the website of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Trade Promotion
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The Maltese Citizenship Act (Cap 188) establishes who may become a citizen of Malta by naturalisation, provided that the applicant satisfies the relative provisions.
Article 10(1) of Cap. 188 regulates the acquisition of citizenship on the basis of residence in Malta whilst Article 11 refers to the acquisition of Maltese Citizenship by minors. Ultimately, the Minister responsible for citizenship matters has the discretion to grant or refuse the application under such provisions.
Prior to submitting an application, the applicants would need to set an appointment with the Agency so that a residence certificate may be compiled. In this regard, applicants would need to provide the Officer with (i) their current passport and (ii) all other expired passports in their possession (covering their period of residence in Malta).
The applicant would need to submit additional documents once the Agency assesses the above certificate and confirms that the applicant is eligible to proceed with his/her application.
The application will be processed by the Agency and successful applicants will be naturalised as a citizen of Malta. Successful applicants will be considered citizens of Malta from the date on their certificate of naturalisation. They will then be asked to call at the Agency to collect their certificate.
If the applicant was born abroad, the Agency will address a letter to the Director of Public Registry so that his/her birth certificate may be registered at the Public Registry Office.
Applicants must present this letter to the Public Registry along with their original birth certificate, (and an official translation in English or Maltese).
The parent or parents, who were non-Maltese at the time of their child’s birth and one or both later acquired Maltese citizenship, may submit an application on behalf of their children to be naturalized as citizens of Malta.
The application may be submitted against a fee of €450.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
The application may be submitted against a fee of €450.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
Additional €15 on first re-naturalisation
Additional €20 on second re-naturalisation
Additional €25 on third re-naturalisation
Additional €10 (each) if affidavit is sworn at the offices of Community Malta Agency in front of a person duly authorised to act as a Commissioner for Oaths.
Additional €10 (each) if declaration is affirmed at the offices of Community Malta Agency in front of a person duly authorised to act as a Commissioner for Oaths.
When Malta became an Independent State on 21 st September 1964, Maltese citizenship legislation did not allow dual citizenship except in the case of minors, who, in order to retain Maltese citizenship were required to renounce their foreign citizenship between their 18 th and 19 th birthday. Failing to do so they lost their Maltese citizenship on their 19 th birthday.
Those adults, who on the date of Malta’s independence retained any other foreign citizenship, had to renounce it before 21 st September 1967. Citizens of Malta who acquired another citizenship by a voluntary act lost their Maltese citizenship automatically on acquiring such foreign citizenship.
On 1 st August 1989, the dual citizenship concept was introduced to the Maltese citizenship legislation, however, this was limited to Maltese emigrants and the persons concerned had to be:
Important changes to the said legislation were later made in 2000. Dual or multiple citizenship has now become the rule rather than the exception. As of 10 th February 2000, a citizen of Malta could acquire and retain a foreign citizenship/s along with his/her Maltese citizenship. By means of such legislation, Maltese citizenship, was reacquired automatically by those who had ceased to be citizens of Malta prior to such provided that they satisfy certain criteria. If they do not, the reacquisition of Maltese citizenship would be facilitated by means of the person applying to be registered as citizen of Malta.
Section 7 of the Maltese Citizenship Act (Cap. 188) stipulates that “it shall be lawful for any person to be a citizen of Malta, and at the same time a citizen of another country.”
Hence following the amendments passed on 10 th February 2000, Maltese citizens who acquire a foreign citizenship/s may retain their Maltese citizenship, whilst foreigners who acquire Maltese citizenship by registration or naturalisation may retain such citizenship together with a foreign citizenship. This is without prejudice that the foreign legislation may not allow dual citizenship for their own nationals.
Furthermore, Maltese citizens who had lost their citizenship prior to such date have automatically reacquired their Maltese citizenship if they satisfy the conditions hereunder. If not, they may reacquire it by registration.
If the person automatically qualifies for dual citizenship, he/she needs to present the following:
automatically re-acquired Maltese citizenship and were deemed to have never lost their Maltese citizenship.
Persons, who on 10 th February 2000 had not yet attained their 19 th birthday and held another citizenship, apart from that of Malta, retained such citizenship as they were no longer required to renounce their foreign citizenship in order not to lose their Maltese Citizenship.
Confirmation in writing shall be given by the Agency following the submission of the relative enquiry form and the required documentation.
The application may be submitted against a fee of €150.
If the application is acceded to, a further €50 has to be paid upon collection of certificate at the end of the process.
Other Fees (if applicable):
With the continuously changing global dynamics and evolving geopolitics, there is an ever-growing number of high-net-worth individuals who are willing to invest and relocate, giving themselves and their family members the chance to broaden their horizons while becoming part of a welcoming community. Investor interest will remain high, and their innovative ideas may result in possible mutually beneficial partnerships. This phenomenon enriches human capital and consequently attracts more market leaders who keep adding value with their business baggage.
Malta is a forward-looking microstate merely 316 km 2 of land at the crossroads of the Mediterranean which embraced this opportunity, ventured into this industry, and is now right in the centre of this phenomenon, creating a melting pot of business know-how, experiences, skills and funding that are positively contributing to its society, stimulating business and increasing job creation.
The Granting of Citizenship by Naturalisation for Exceptional Services by Direct Investment is regulated by the Granting of Citizenship for Exceptional Services Regulations (S.L. 188.06).
The requisites for filing an application are:
Power of Attorney
De-Registration of Address Form
This form is to be filled and submitted by a landlord who has rented out his property, which address would be the registered address on a document issued by Identità, or alternatively, by a property owner who is confirming that his property has not been rented out to a certain individual.
Rental Declaration Form
This form must be filled in by the owner of the residential property indicated in the lease agreement submitted by the applicant. This serves as a confirmation of the address indicated by the applicant on the application for a residence document submitted to the Agency.
Form K - Economic Self Sufficiency
This form is to be filled in by persons who are not nationals of an EU Member State, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.
Form J - Economic Self Sufficiency
This form is to be filled in by persons who are nationals of an EU Member State, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.
Form ID 1A - Identity Registration Form
This form is to be filled in by persons who are not citizens of Malta.
Image Capture Application Form and photos for dependents under the age of 12
Parent’s Consent Form
This form must be completely filled in and signed by the parents, in the presence of the witness who should be fully aware of the parents’ identity.
Heath Insurance Form
Heath Insurance Cover
Declaration for Submission of the Citizenship Application
Dependency Declaration
De-Facto Partner Declaration
Forms R and R1
These forms include declarations made by the main applicant at Eligibility Stage (Form R) and subsequently at Citizenship Phase (Form R1). In Part A of the forms the main applicant is required to indicate his/her dependents who will be submitting an application under the regulations.
Forms S and S1
These forms include declarations made by any adult dependants forming part of the application, including the spouse. Form S is to be completed at Eligibility Stage, while Form S1 at Citizenship Stage. S.L. 188.06 lists who could be considered as a “dependant”.
This form is to be completed on behalf of minors at Citizenship Stage.
The PDFEE Form is required in the case of all applicants, and if applicable, any benefactors. Applicants are required to submit information and documentation regarding their family members and also pertinent information as regards their education and employment.
The form is used to declare the income, net worth, the source of funds and wealth of the main applicant and any benefactor (where applicable). An adult dependant, such as the spouse, may also be requested to complete an SSFW Form if he/she appears to contribute to the overall income and wealth of the main applicant.
All applicants need to submit PSC Form. It is required in connection with the identification of the applicant, and the form needs to be certified by a duly licensed lawyer, notary public or by a Maltese consular or diplomatic officer. Authentication of the certifier is also required where necessary.
All applicants are required to submit Form MRQ. The form contains information regarding the state of health of the applicant. The form includes a section that needs to be completed by the examining physician.
Business and Corporate Affiliations Declaration
This declaration serves to facilitate the provision of information pertaining to the applicant’s business affiliations. It may be used as a supporting document providing additional information to supplement the details presented in SSFW Form Part C.
Tax Residency Jurisdiction Declaration
The Agency requires that every applicant forming part of the application and is liable to pay tax, to sign a declaration clearly listing all the jurisdictions where the individual/s is/are a tax resident.
Annual Compliance Declaration Form
This form must be filled in by the licensed agent and by the successful main applicant, and submitted to the Agency on an annual basis for the following five years from the date of the certificate of citizenship.
The Agency gives due consideration to every element of the application process, with particular focus on due diligence. The process which was developed and adopted by the Agency has garnered several international positive reviews. This is the result of an open-minded approach and the continuous development of internal processes to ensure that only the rightful applicants make it through the Granting of Citizenship for Exceptional Services Regulations (S.L. 188.06). It is not about the quantity, but the quality - attracting talent who can prove to add value to the country.
Ultimately, this is what every citizen wants, what every nation wants and what every applicant of high moral standards wants. Individuals will not feel at ease knowing that their own personal safety is compromised, or that they cannot do business properly. It benefits us, but it also benefits the applicant. An application gone wrong can jeopardise the whole industry.
The Regulations are enforced with a four-tier due diligence process, which is considered the most stringent, and of the highest standard, in the industry.
Standard KYC due diligence is carried out by both the Agency and the Agent through databases such as World-Check.
Clearance is obtained from the Police Authorities following thorough checks through several databases, such as Interpol, Europol and others. Any issues encountered at this stage are reported back to the Agency. It must be pointed out that any Third Country National (TCN) applicant or dependant who requires a visa to be able to visit Malta and, therefore, enter the Schengen zone, is to go through the standard Schengen visa application procedures.
This stage is carried out by the Agency’s assessors. The assessors have a banking and audit background who receive ongoing training in the prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing.
A completeness and correctness check of the application is carried out. This identifies anomalies in the application form that highlight any potential risk. Every kind of accompanying documentation submitted to the Agency is checked to ensure that it has been filled in correctly and that the documents are submitted in the proper format, correctly translated, and apostilled or notarised as the case may require. Where documents are missing or not in the correct format, or errors are identified, a request for submission is made to the agent representing the family applying for Maltese citizenship and the application process is paused until everything is in order.
This stage also comprises checks against world-check databases which include searches against major international sanctions, designated and denied persons lists.
The sources of funds and wealth are also reviewed at this stage to ensure that sufficient information and supporting documentation has been provided.
Two outsourced due diligence reports are commissioned from international companies on every family to ensure that as much ground as possible is covered and no stone remains unturned. These checks would include verification of all the information submitted, checks with databases, both international and local, in each of the family’s country of residence, and even discreet on the ground interviews with individuals who know the family.
Once the above processes are completed, the assessors review all the information collected both internally and externally and an internal risk assessment report is compiled using a risk matrix, which was developed by the Agency to standardise the process and ensure that every application is processed comprehensively. However, this may entail raising further questions with the applicant via the agent to seek further clarifications. The assessor may revert to the due diligence companies to obtain their views/observations on the issues raised with the applicant. This will enable the assessor to finalise the risk assessment report.
Subsequently, applications are presented during the Agency’s board meeting where a collective decision on the recommendation to be put forward to the Minister for Citizenship is agreed. The Minister’s final decision is then conveyed to the agent by means of either a Letter of Approval in Principle or a Letter of Refusal.
All employees working in the due diligence section go for a course on the prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing to have a better understanding of what is expected of them. In addition, the employees within this section all have previous experience in either Risk and Compliance or Audit.
The due diligence process has evolved substantially during the past years. The Agency has developed an internal risk matrix, which ensures that every application is being examined thoroughly in a consistent manner, and that decisions are taken systematically and transparently. The matrix has seven categories, and every application is treated similarly without deviations.
Identification and verification is the first category of the risk matrix and looks at how the identity of the applicants has been established and verified, while considering all the countries the applicants have resided in over the ten years preceding the application.
The second category looks at the Applicant’s business and corporate affiliations and takes into consideration ties with offshore activity, jurisdictions and industries.
A category in itself is where applicants are politically exposed persons (PEPs) and are or have been on sanctions or watch lists.
The fourth category of the risk matrix, which today constitutes of the most significant focus of the due diligence process, looks at establishing how the family have accumulated their wealth, and from where the funds for financing the application originate. The risk assessment under this category has an even stronger focus on documented evidence, at times delving into extremely granular detail such as bank statements, articles of association, share registers and certificates of incorporation, certified copies of contracts, and transactions amongst others. Tax evasion risks are also taken into consideration.
The applicants’ reputation constitutes the fifth category of the risk assessment matrix, taking into consideration the overall reputation observed through OSINT, reports and on-the-ground intelligence.
We have established that the sixth category would focus on legal and regulatory matters with incremental risk factors based on any charges or convictions for criminal or civil offences, including fines at an incremental interval.
The six categories of risk mentioned so far are very commonly analysed within the financial sector. However, the seventh category is somewhat bespoke to the industry of CBI and consists of an analysis of the MA’s activities and the relative impact on the MA’s immediate network and society in general. This is to ensure that no stone is left unturned and to enable the team to cover any incidental area, which is deemed essential and was not covered by any of the other previous categories.
All information which is deemed necessary for the processing and due diligence of an application is required, and there is no room for negotiation or ad hoc decisions. Details of all applicants are also submitted to the Financial Intelligence and Analysis Unit (FIAU) for full transparency.
Decisions within the Agency are documented and substantiated with the required rationale, and signed off by the responsible person, to ensure transparency and accountability
Potential applicants need to make use of the services of Licensed Agents who are approved and licensed under the Agents (Licences) Regulations (S.L. 188.05) by Community Malta Agency (the Agency), thereby authorising them to guide them through the whole application process and submit prospective applications under the Granting of Citizenship for Exceptional Services Regulations (S.L. 188.06).
These Agents may be public accountants or auditors, lawyers, or financial advisors duly licensed by a competent Authority, after attending training organised by the Agency and satisfying such other conditions and requirements as may be set out in the guidelines issued by the Agency from time to time.
These Agents may have applied to act either in their personal capacity or on behalf of an audit firm, a law firm, or a financial advisory firm, being a body duly registered in accordance with the applicable law and having separate legal personality; provided that such firm, a representative by the Agent, is also authorised by the Agency to act as an Agent for the purposes of S.L. 188.06. For the avoidance of doubt, such firms shall always be represented by a duly licensed Agent.
In order to become Licensed Agents, applicants must fulfil the following requirements and conditions:
All applications go through a systematic review and evaluation process, with no exceptions or a fast-track option. Agents shall not promote or mislead prospective applicants that the process may be facilitated and such practice may lead the Agency to take appropriate action, including sanctions and revocation of licence.
The Licence Agreement and Code of Conduct and Ethics for Agents addresses operational aspects and provide for due interpretation and guidance with respect to the conduct required of Agents in light of Article 11 of S.L. 188.05 which empowers the Agency to suspend or revoke a licence issued to an Agent if, after due investigation, it is satisfied that the Agent:
The Maltese Citizenship by Naturalisation for Exceptional Services by Direct Investment (ESDI) Handbook will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of how to complete in detail any application form and the supporting documentation required for the acquisition of Maltese Citizenship by Naturalisation for Exceptional Services by Direct Investment.
The ESDI Handbook is subject to updates according to necessities.
Due diligence fees are applicable to persons who are over the age of 12 years.
Applicants who are nationals of or have close ties to the following listed countries shall not be eligible to apply under the Granting of Citizenship for Exceptional Services Regulations (S.L. 188.06). These countries are: Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Iran, North Korea, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela, and Yemen.
The Agency reserves the right to update the list of banned countries from time to time, which will be communicated with all Agents licensed under the Agents (Licences) Regulations (S.L. 188.05).
The starting date for the residence period shall be the issuance date of the residence card. If more than one person is applying within the same application, the start date will be of the person last issued with the residence permit.
All adult dependants who wish to apply for citizenship under the Regulations must hold a residence permit for the required periods.
The applicant should declare if they intend to go for the 3-year route or less when applying for the residence permit.
The application is taken as final when the eligibility application is submitted and EPRV is duly paid. Only newborns after that date can be added before the Oath of Allegiance is taken.
The Oath of Allegiance has to be taken by all adults and has to be performed in person in Malta.
Prospective applicants are required to be physically in Malta and build connecting factors during the residence period. These requirements shall be satisfied by providing documented proof. It is required that the applicant presents to the Agency his proposal on how he intends to create these connecting factors when presenting the eligibility application.
Requests for payment must always be done in one transaction and not split into multiple transactions. Payments for the residence permit shall be done by the Agent, whilst for the eligibility and the citizenship applications shall be done by the applicant through his personal bank account.
A person can act as a licensed agent on behalf of only one legal person.
Agents must show through documented evidence that they have full access to a recognised due diligence database.
Residence cards will be renewed only once after the first three-year period.
Citizenship applications can be submitted after the stipulated residence period by all members within the application has been completed.